C-elo

Research

Our research pioneers AI for low-resource African languages, from fine-tuning translation models to building real-time speech recognition and voice systems.

Research Areas

Neural Machine Translation

We fine-tune translation models like Google's TranslateGemma for English↔Kikuyu using Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (LoRA). Our first 12B model achieved 19.61 BLEU — a 758% improvement over zero-shot performance on 30,430 curated sentence pairs. Our current production 4B model improves this to 21.93 BLEU and 42.87 chrF++ while serving faster on the web.

Key areas: LoRA and rsLoRA optimization, regularization tuning, BLEU/chrF++ evaluation, production inference and latency optimization

Streaming Automatic Speech Recognition

We adapt cache-aware streaming ASR models for Kenyan languages so users can see transcripts update while they speak. Our current C-elo AI ASR demos include Kikuyu and Dholuo, with Kalenjin evaluation and refinement in progress. The research stack focuses on low-latency audio chunking, language-specific prompt conditioning, orthography cleanup, and stable partial transcript updates for live microphone use.

Key areas: Nemotron-style FastConformer-RNNT adaptation, cache-aware streaming, WER/CER evaluation, streaming inference

Speech-to-Speech Models

We are building end-to-end voice AI using the Mimi neural codec adapted for Kikuyu tonal fidelity. Our Stage 1 codec adaptation is complete (79.3M params, 1.1 Hz pitch error), with streaming inference and full-duplex conversation in development.

Key areas: Mimi codec adaptation, pitch-preservation loss, cascaded ASR→LLM→TTS pipeline

Dataset Engineering

We use the African Next Voices corpus (750+ hours of Kikuyu audio) and Google's WAXAL TTS dataset (~9 hours studio quality) alongside language-specific ASR evaluation sets to train, test, and compare robust speech and translation models.

Key areas: Audio preprocessing, noise augmentation, transcript normalization, multi-source dataset curation

Inference & Deployment

We deploy production models behind authenticated APIs and WebSocket streaming endpoints, with reliability and latency controls designed for interactive applications.

Key areas: Streaming inference, authenticated APIs, reliability, observability

Publications

We publish technical work on translation fine-tuning, streaming ASR, Speech-to-Speech architectures, and the data practices required to build reliable African language AI.

Preprint · July 2026arXiv:2607.18912 · cs.CL

From a Multilingual Streaming ASR Backbone to Kenyan-Language Systems: Data-Centric Adaptation of Nemotron 3.5 for Kikuyu, Dholuo, and Kalenjin

Mark Gatere · C-elo Labs

An end-to-end engineering study of corpus auditing, Unicode normalization, full-model adaptation, true-streaming evaluation, artifact preservation, and deployment for Kikuyu, Dholuo, and Kalenjin ASR.

Read on arXiv

Collaborate With Us

We partner with universities, language communities, and funders to advance African language AI.

Interested in collaboration or funding our research? Contact us at research@c-elo.com